Konke malunga neNarcissism

Umxholo

• Ukufundwa okubalulekileyo kweNarcissism
• Ukuhlengahlengiswa kolawulo: Izinto esizenzayo kuNarcissist

Yintoni ebangela i-narcissism? Kutheni le nto ii-narcissists zinomtsalane kwaye zithandeka (ekuqaleni)? Ngaba abantu abanesimo sokungaziphathi kakuhle banokuzithemba okuphezulu? Ngaba i-narcissism inxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo? Ngaba i-narcissism inokunyangwa-okanye inyangwe ngempumelelo ngamayeza okanye unyango lwengqondo? Ngaba i-narcissism ngamanye amaxesha ingaba yinto elungileyo okanye ihlala iyingozi? Indlela yokujongana narcissists? Imibuzo emininzi malunga ne-narcissism kunzima ukuyiphendula, ubuncinci ngokuyinxalenye kuba i-narcissism ayichazwanga ngokucacileyo. Ukwazi ukuba i-narcissism ingoyiswa, umzekelo, kufuneka sazi ngokwenene ukuba kuthetha ntoni narcissism.

Kutshanje ndiye ndanelungelo lodliwanondlebe nomntu oqhelene neengcinga ezahlukeneyo ze-narcissism, kubandakanya zombini zeklinikhi nezentlalo / izimvo zobuntu ngayo. UJosh Miller, i-Ph.D. , Unjingalwazi wezengqondo kunye noMlawuli woQeqesho lweKlinikhi kwiYunivesithi yaseGeorgia ngumphandi onobunkunkqele opapashe ngaphezulu kwamaphepha ayi-200 aqwalaselwe ngoontanga kunye nezahluko zeencwadi- inani elibalulekileyo elixhalabisa ubuntwana kunye nophazamiseko lobuntu. ^2-5 Uphando lwakhe lujolise kubuntu obuqhelekileyo kunye neempawu zophendlo lwezifo, ukuphazamiseka kubuntu (kugxininiso kwi-narcissism kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo), kunye nokuziphatha kwangaphandle.

UMiller ukwanguMhleli-kwiNtloko ye Ijenali yoPhando kuBuntu , kwaye ikwibhodi yokuhlela yezinye iijenali ezijongwe ngoontanga, kubandakanya Ijenali yengqondo engaqhelekanga , Uvavanyo , Ijenali yoBuntu , Ijenali yokuPhazamiseka koMntu , kunye Ukuphazamiseka kubuntu: Ithiyori, uPhando kunye noPhando .

Emamzadeh: Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1900, uninzi lweeklinikhi kunye nabaphandi-uSigmund Freud, uHarry Guntrip, uHeinz Kohut, u-Otto Kernberg, uGlen Gabbard, no-Elsa Ronningstam phakathi kwabo — babhale nge-narcissism. Kwaye kule mihla, njengoko uphawulile kwiphepha lakho lokuphononongwa kwe-2017, "Uphando malunga ne-narcissism ngazo zonke iindlela-i-narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), i-grandiose narcissism, kunye ne-narcissism esengozini-ithandwa kakhulu kunakuqala." ² Kutheni le nto ucinga ukuba uninzi lwabaphandi, singasathethi ke ngabantu abaqhelekileyo, banomdla kwi-narcissism?

UMiller: Ndingaphikisana ukuba yinto yokudibana kwezinto-abaphandi abanomdla wokwahlula i-narcissism ngeendlela ezingacacanga (umz., Ukucacisa phakathi kweentetho ezikhulu nezisemngciphekweni), ukubandakanywa kwe-narcissism kuncwadi olwenziwe ngeendlela ezininzi olubizwa ngokuba yi-Dark Triad (isifundo se-narcissism, psychopathy , kunye neMachiavellianism) ethe yafumana ukuhanjiswa okubonakalayo kuncwadi olunamandla kunye naphakathi koluntu ngokubanzi, kunye neengxoxo ze-narcissism ezibonwe kumanani abalulekileyo oluntu. Okokugqibela, ndicinga ukuba i-narcissism yinto eyaziwayo yokuba phantse bonke abantu banokwenza imizekelo yabantu ebomini babo ababonakalise ezinye zeempawu-nokuba ngamalungu osapho, izihlobo, okanye abantu abasebenza-kwaye ke oko kuyasasaza ngokubanzi kububanzi babantu kubandakanya uluntu, abaphandi, kunye neeklinikhi.

Emamzadeh: Ndiqaphele ukuba oogqirha, abaphandi, kunye nababhali (kubandakanya nokubhalela ezinye Psychology Namhlanje ) musa ukusebenzisa igama elithi "narcissist" rhoqo. Ndizifundile izimvo kwi-narcissism ngokwahlukileyo kwezi zilandelayo (A vs B).

A: I-Narcissists kunye ne-psychopaths zabelana kakhulu ngokufanayo. Akukho bantu babandezeleka ngokwenene kodwa bobabini bayenza abantu ababangqongileyo ubunzima. Kufuneka sifunde ukuchonga abantu abasebenzisa i-narcissist ukuze sizikhusele kwaba bantu bayingozi nabangenanceba.

B: IiNarcissists zinee-egos ezibuthathaka; Ukuzithemba kwabo ngokugqithisileyo akukho nto ngaphandle kwemaski. Sidinga ukuba nemfesane enkulu kubantu abasebenzisa i-narcissist kuba benzakele (nokuba abayivumi). AbakwaNarcissists babandezeleka njengathi sonke.

Yeyiphi kwezi nkcazo ikufutshane nenyaniso?

UMiller: Ezam iingcinga zihlala zihambelana kakhulu nokukhetha A ekubeni i-narcissism kunye ne-psychopathy "zikufutshane nommelwane" izinto ezihamba kakhulu. Into enomdla kukuba, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba bebefundelwa phi kwaye zichaphazela njani iithiyori zokuqala (i-narcissism: iithiyori zethiyori yengqondo; ukusebenza kwengqondo: useto lwasenkundleni), kuncinci "ukuba sesichengeni" okanye "imaski" umbono wengqondo ofunyenweyo. ngokungaguquguqukiyo kwi-narcissism apho sifaka khona iimvakalelo ezingalunganga (umz. Ndicinga ukuba umntu angaba nemfesane kubantu abenza izinto ezibonisa ukungakhathali kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo (nangona kunokuba nzima) ukuba umntu uyayiqonda ingozi abazenzela yona kunye nabanye kunye nethuba lokuba kukho inqanaba elithile ledyscontrol edlalayo.

Emamzadeh: Igama elinye elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza i-narcissism, ngakumbi kuncwadi lwentlalo / ngobuntu, ngu ubukhulu . Igama elithi ubungangamsha lichazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo njengokuzibona kubalulekile, ukuzinyusa, kunye neemvakalelo zokuphakama. Kodwa umahluko phakathi kobukhulu kunye nokuzithemba okuphezulu kubonakala ngathi kungumbandela weedigri, ngobukhulu obubonisa "ukuzibaxa" okanye "ukuzibaxa" kokubaluleka. Ukuba oku kuyinyani, singagqiba njani-okanye ngubani ogqiba-i kufanelekile kwinqanaba lokuzixabisa?

UMiller: Lowo ngumbuzo omkhulu, endiza kuwuphepha ekuqaleni. Ndingatsho ukuba i-narcissism enkulu kunye nokuzithemba kwahlukile kulwakhiwo ngaphandle kokubonakala ngathi kuyadlula. Kutshanje siqhube uthelekiso olubanzi lwezinto ezimbini ezenziweyo kwiisampulu ezili-11 (kwaye phantse abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-5000) safumana ukufana okumbalwa kunye nokungafani okubalulekileyo. ⁶ Ezi zimbini zokwakha zilungelelaniswe phakathi (r ≈ .30), ke zikude kakhulu ukuba zingatshintshana. Ngokufana, abantu abaziphakamileyo kunye / okanye i-narcissism enkulu babelana ngesitayile sokuzithemba, sokuphuma nokuzithemba. Ngokweyantlukwano, nangona kunjalo, ukuzithemba kukuzilungisa ngokupheleleyo ngokwendlela yokunxibelelana (ubudlelwane nabanye) kunye nolungelelwaniso lwangaphakathi (umz. . Siyakholelwa ukuba oku kungenxa yendlela yokungazidibanisi nabantu apho bakhoyo ukuba kukho umntu "ophumeleleyo" kulo naluphi na unxibelelwano (umzekelo, okrelekrele; eyona ndawo inamandla; elona gunya) ngelixa abantu abanokuzithemba okuphezulu- Ukuxabiseka kodwa hayi i-narcissism bayakwazi ukucinga ngokwabo nakwabanye ngendlela elungileyo (jonga noBrummelman, Thomaes, & Sedikides, 2016). ⁷

Ukufundwa okubalulekileyo kweNarcissism

Ukuhlengahlengiswa kolawulo: Izinto esizenzayo kuNarcissist