Umsebenzi we-Autistic Brains ngokuNokwenzeka kwii-Psychotic Ones

Ngokwimodeli yedametric yokugula ngengqondo, ukusilela okuthe ngqo kwezentlalo kwisifo se-autism spectrum disorder (ASD) kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okunje nge-schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) kunezizathu ezichaseneyo: hyper-mindizing kwimeko yokugqibela, kunye ne-hypo-mindizing kwi-ASD . Ngamanye amagama, ngelixa i-autistics ingenangqondo ngokwaneleyo, iingqondo zengqondo zinengqondo kakhulu; apho i-autistics ibonakala ngathi ayinangqondo kwaphela, iingqondo zengqondo zinengxaki yomhlaza weengqondo abanazo.

Kodwa ngaba yinyani? Kolu phando lokuqala lokwenza ngokuthe ngqo oko, abaphandi bathelekisa intsilelo kulwazi lwentlalo kubantu abangama-28 abane-ASD kunye nama-21 abane-SPD, kunye nolawulo lwe-33. Bavavanye ukuba ezo ntsilelo zinxulunyaniswa nezinto ezahlukeneyo zengqondo ezisebenzisa ingqondo-imaging (fMRI). Baqeshe isigwebo sentlalontle (ukuvavanya ukungeneka ebusweni) apho babekhe babonisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwi-ASD nakwisifo sengqondo. Abaphandi bacinga ukuba abantu abane-ASD kunye nabo bane-SPD bazakubonisa ukungaziphathi kakuhle kwezentlalo xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo, kodwa oko, ngokuhambelana nemodeli yedametric, abo bane-SPD bayakubonisa ukwanda kokusebenza kwale mimandla yobuchopho ngelixa besenza izigwebo zentlalo ngelixa indlela eyahlukileyo iya kuba ibonwe kwi ASD (ngezantsi).

Abaphandi baxela ukuba

Amaqela ezonyango onke abonisa iipateni ezifanayo zokuthothiswa xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo lweempawu ezingalunganga kunye novavanyo lokuqonda ngokwasentlalweni, kodwa umahluko ocacileyo ubonwe phakathi kwamaqela e-ASD kunye ne-SPD esebenzisa i-fMRI ngexesha lomsebenzi wokugweba eluntwini. Umahluko phakathi kwamaqela e-ASD kunye ne-SPD nawo abonwa kubudlelwane phakathi kokusebenza kwe-amygdala kunye neempawu ezintle. Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba iimpawu ezifanayo zeklinikhi kunye ne-neuropsychological zinokunxulunyaniswa neendlela ezahlukileyo zengqondo.

—Kwanjengokuba imodeli yedayimethrikhi iqikelela. Bayongeza ukuba

Nangona singakhange sichonge umahluko ocacileyo weqela phakathi kweqela le-ASD okanye le-SPD kunye nolawulo, iziphumo kulawulo zithande ukulala phakathi kwamaqela ezonyango e-2, njengoko kunjalo nakwiziphumo zeqela le-CM [co-morbid] [umfanekiso ongentla]. Ngenxa yoku, nangasentla, sicebisa ukuba iziphumo zethu ziyahambelana ne-hypo- kunye ne-hyper-mindizing theory ye-ASD kunye ne-schizophrenia. Obunye ubungqina kwiipateni ezahlukileyo ze-pathophysiology buvela ekufumaneni kwethu ukuba ukwanda kokusebenza kwe-amygdala yasekhohlo kunxulunyaniswa neempawu ezonyukayo kwi-SPD, ngelixa ukubuyela umva kuyinyani kwi-ASD.Ezi patheni zichaseneyo zokunxibelelana ziyahambelana ne-hypo- kunye ne-hyper-mindizing ithiyori ye-autism kunye ne-schizophrenia spectrums kunye neqela le-SPD eliphuhlisa iimpawu zengqondo ngenxa yokusebenzisa ngaphezulu kwe-amygdala, ngelixa iqela le-ASD liphuhlisa ezo mpawu ngenxa yokungasebenzi lo mmandla.

Baqukumbela ngelithi "iziphumo zethu zihambelana nembono yokuba ischizophrenia kunye ne-autism spectrum zibonisa ukuphazamiseka okungathethekiyo kokukhula kwengqondo, ubuncinci ngokubhekisele kulwazi lwentlalo."

Ngokubhekiselele kwimpembelelo yeklinikhi:

Nokuba yeyiphi kanye le nkqubo isisiseko, umahluko esixelayo unezinto ezibalulekileyo ezenziwayo kunyango kunye nokuhlelwa. Ngokukodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ii-phenotypes zeklinikhi zinokubonakala zifana kodwa zivela kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kwaye ke zinokufuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Oku kuphakamisa ithemba lokuphuhlisa unyango olujolise kwizimbo zengqondo, ngokuchaseneyo neempawu zeklinikhi ... Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zikwabonisa ukubaluleka kokuthathelwa ingqalelo kwe-SPD njengophawu lokwahlulahlula i-ASD kwaye ngokuchaseneyo; Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba iinkonzo zokuxilonga apho ezi meko zinokuhlangatyezwa khona, ngakumbi ezo zisebenza nabantu abadala, ziqulathe ukufikelela kuvavanyo olunobuchule kuzo zombini iiseti zokuphazamiseka.

Okokugqibela, uphononongo lukhanyisa ukukhanya kumbandela wokungaziphathi kakuhle: iimeko ekuthiwa zibonisa iimpawu kunye neempawu zazo zombini ezi ngxaki:

Sichonge abantu abafezekisa iikhrayitheriya ze-ASD kunye ne-SPD. Oku kuyahambelana nomsebenzi wangaphambili oxele ukuba iipesenti ezingama-23 zabantu abane-ASD bayazifezekisa iikhrayitheriya ze-SPD. Aba bantu "comorbid" babenempawu ngakumbi kunabo bakwimeko enye bodwa, beqaqambisa ukubaluleka kokuchongwa kwabo. Into enomdla kukuba, iziphumo ze-fMRI zeqela le-CM zibonise umahluko xa kuthelekiswa neqela le-ASD licebisa ukuba abahlupheki nje ngenxa ye-ASD eqatha. Ngokwahlukileyo, kwakungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo phakathi kwamaqela e-CM kunye ne-SPD, anokuthi abonise ukuba banefom ye-SPD.

Ndiyavuma ngokupheleleyo. Kwezonyango lwengqondo, enkosi ekucingeni ngengqondo ngolu hlobo luye lwaphawulwa kwizithuba zangaphambili, amaXesha Aphakathi ekugqibeleni ayasondela. Ewe ungayibona imodeli yedayimetri njengelingana neCopernican, kunye nokucinga ngengqondo kwe-astronomy yeeteleskopu ethathe indawo yeenkwenkwezi zeenkwenkwezi.