Ukwahlula ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar kuXinzelelo olukhulu
Umxholo
Ukufumanisa isifo se-bipolar kunokuba nzima. Ngelixa kungekho nzima ukwahlula phakathi kwezi zigaba zibini — umoya ophakamileyo we-mania kunye nomoya ophantsi woxinzelelo-kuyingxaki ukuba uxele ukuba umntu oxela ukudana unengxaki yokudakumba okanye ukwinqanaba loxinzelelo lwe-bipolar ukuphazamiseka. Ewe kunjalo, ukuxilongwa kwe-bipolar kuqinisekiswa kuphela, eklinikhi, sakuba nje isigulana esidandathekileyo sifumene ubuncinci isiqendu se-mania.
I-Mania ibonakaliswa kukuphakama kwemeko (nokuba kukugcwala okanye ukucaphuka), iingcinga zokubaleka, izimvo kunye nentetho, ukuthatha umngcipheko ngokungafanelekanga, amanqanaba aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga, kunye nokwehla kwesidingo sokulala. I-Hypomania, uguqulelo oluncinci lwe-mania, ayisiyonto imbi kangako kwaye ikwayinxalenye yesigaba se-bipolar's disorder's manic phase. Ezi mpawu zahluke ngokungafaniyo kunamava ngexesha lesigaba sokudakumba se-bipolar okanye ngabantu abanengxaki yokudakumba. Nangona kunjalo iimpawu zoxinzelelo ngokwazo ziyafana ngokwezonyango kubantu abanexinzelelo kunye nakwinqanaba lokudakumba lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Le ngxaki yokuqonda isifo ikhuthaze abaphandi ukuba bafune izinto zokumakisha ezinokulinganiswa — umzekelo, izinto ezinokwenziwa bubuchopho — ezinokwahluka kwizigulana ezidandathekileyo nakwizigulana ezikwisigaba sokudakumba sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, mhlawumbi ukuququzelela ukufumanisa isifo ngokuchanekileyo. Impumelelo yokuqala ngoku ichaziwe kumzamo onjalo, ukhokelwa nguMary L. Phillips, Ph.D.
UPhillips kunye noogxa bakhe kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh kunye neZiko lezeMpilo yeNtshona kunye neKlinikhi, kubandakanya uHolly A. Swartz, MD, kunye nombhali wokuqala u-Anna Manelis, Ph.D., balandela imikhondo kwizifundo zangaphambili ezazalatha kwiyantlukwano kwindlela ingqondo ilungiselela kwaye yenze imisebenzi yenkumbulo yokusebenza kubantu abadandathekileyo ngokuchasene nabo bakwisigaba sokudakumba sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Imemori yokusebenza yinkqubo esetyenziswa yingqondo ukugcina, ukukhohlisa kunye nokuhlaziya ulwazi olunxulumene nemisebenzi ngokukhawuleza. Ukonakala kothungelwano lwe-neural olubandakanyekayo ngexesha lokusebenza kwememori kukhokelela kukhubazeko ekufundeni, ukuqiqa, kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezijongwa kwabanye abantu abaneengxaki zemood, kubandakanya uxinzelelo.
Kuphando lwabo, iqela likaPhillips laqesha abantu abali-18 abane-bipolar disorder ababekwinqanaba lokugula; I-23 enexinzelelo olukhulu lokudakumba ababedandathekile; kunye ne-23 yolawulo olusempilweni. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba bafumana iskena esipheleleyo sobuchopho ngokusebenza ngemagneti yokujonga amandla (fMRI), ngokwamacandelo amabini: elinye apho babelindele umsebenzi ofuna inkumbulo yokusebenza, kunye nenye apho babewenza khona umsebenzi. Umthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye waskenwa ukuba enze umsebenzi "olula" kunye "nobunzima" bokusebenza kwememori, kwaye phantsi kweemeko apho babonakaliswe kuluhlu lwezinto ezikhuthazayo, ukusuka kokuqinisekileyo ukuya kokungathathi cala.
Oku kuvunyelwa kwemisebenzi yenkumbulo yokusebenza kubonisa into yokuba abantu benza ulindelo lwento ekufuneka bayenzile ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi, uvavanyo olunokuxhomekeka ekubeni ngaba umsebenzi kulindeleke ukuba ungabinampumelelo ngokweemvakalelo okanye ube yingxaki. Njengoko iqela licebisa, umahluko ochuliweyo ekusebenzeni kwemijikelezo yengqondo unokubonakaliswa xa umntu ongena emsebenzini elindele ukuba kube nzima okanye uxinzelelo, ngokuchasene nokulula nokuthandekayo.
Iziphumo zohlalutyo lweskena sobuchopho ziqinisekisile i-hypothesis yokuba iipateni zokwenza ukuba ingqondo isebenze ngexesha lokulindela umsebenzi wenkumbulo yokusebenza iyahluka ngokokuba umsebenzi ulula okanye unzima. Ngaphaya koko, iziphumo zacebisa ukuba ulindelo kunye nokusebenza kwememori yokusebenza "kunokunceda ukwahlula abantu abadandathekileyo abane-bipolar disorder kwabo banesifo sokudakumba."
Ngokukodwa, iipateni zokwenza ukuba kusebenze kwimimandla esecaleni kunye nephakathi yengqondo yecortex yangaphambi kokulindelwa kwemisebenzi elula enzima "inokuba luphawu olubalulekileyo lwebhayoloji yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunye nokuphazamiseka kokudakumba," iqela libhale ephepheni elibonakala Ijenali yeNeuropsychopharmacology.
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