U-Iósif Stalin: I-Biography kunye nezigaba zeGunya lakhe

Umxholo

• Elinye lamanani embali avusa ezona zimvo ziphikisanayo ngenxa yolawulo awamisela lona.
• Brief biography kunye nokuvela kukaStalin
• I-USSR kunye neStalinism
• Umzekelo kwabanye, umcinezeli kwabanye

Elinye lamanani embali avusa ezona zimvo ziphikisanayo ngenxa yolawulo awamisela lona.

U-Iósif Vissariónovich Dzhugashvili, owaziwa njengo-Iósif Stalin (Ngo-1879 ukuya ku-1953) ungoyena mntu ubalulekileyo kwezopolitiko kwimbali yonke yamaSlavic, eqela laseRussia ngakumbi. Uninzi alunokwazi ukuba uJosif okanye uJosef wazalelwa eGori, eGeorgia phantsi kweerashiya. Wazalelwa kwintsapho engonwabanga (njengoko utata wakhe wayelinxila).

Ukuhamba kwakhe kwimbali kunye neencwadi zezopolitiko akufanelekanga ukukhankanywaUkusukela oko uStalin, ukongeza ekudaleni imeko yolawulo phantse olupheleleyo kubemi, wayiguqula iRussian feudal yaba ligunya lezoqoqosho nezomkhosi, ngenxa yohlaziyo lwezolimo olwalukhuthazwe phantsi kobukomanisi baseSoviet, ezomkhosi kunye nokuphucula umkhosi kunye noxanduva olukhulu Inxaxheba eyayidlalwe ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini (1939 ukuya ku-1945).

Brief biography kunye nokuvela kukaStalin

UJoseph Stalin wayeyinkedama kwiminyaka yakhe yeshumi elivisayo, kwaye xa utata wakhe engakwazanga ukuyinyamekela imfundo yakhe (wayehlwempuzekile kwaye ehlala ebetha unyana wakhe), wangena kwisikolo sokubhoda. Kwasekuqaleni yena wema ngaphandle ngenxa yokungathobeli nokudelela kwakhe esikolweni phambi kwamagunya ootitshala.

Ngelo xesha, uStalin wajoyina amanqanaba omzabalazo wotshintsho kubusoshiyali kunye nemisebenzi, ephikisana nokunyaniseka kwe-tsars. Ngo-1903 i-Russian Social Democratic Party yaqhekeka kubini, u-Iosif walandela uphawu lwephiko elalisaziwa ngokuba yi "Bolshevik".

Kwakungelo xesha u-Iósif ufumene igama elithi "Stalin", elithetha "indoda yentsimbi", ukuhlonipha isimilo sakhe esingagungqiyo xa esenza uluvo lwakhe, ebhenela kwizinto ezithandabuzekayo, ezinjengokucoca aqala ngokuchasene nolunye uguquko njengoLeon Trotsky, utshaba lwakhe olukhulu kumzabalazo wamandla.

Uphinde waseka iqela leDemokhrasi njengeqela lamaKomanisi, UStalin waba ngunobhala jikelele ngo-1922, emva koloyiso lweRussian Revolution ngo-1917, wabona kwisiphithiphithi ithuba lokuphakama emandleni abe yindoda enamandla yotshintsho.

I-USSR kunye neStalinism

I-Union of Soviet Republics yasekwa ngo-1922, de yawa ngokupheleleyo ngo-1991. Umbono weriphabliki kaMarx yaba kukuvela kwegunya lobusoshiyali kwaye kwasasazeka ngokommandla wolawulo lwayo. Oku kucinga ukufana kwayo kuyo yonke indawo ye-Eurasian, kufikelela nakumazwe ama-Arabhu kunye neLatin America kubandakanya.

Njengoko ibingenakuba yenye indlela, u-Iósif Stalin wayengumxhasi wakhe omkhulu kwaye ekhupha iprojekthi enjalo, kwaye ngobuqili obukhulu wayeyazi indlela yokunyanzelisa umthetho wakhe. Ayiguqukanga ilizwe libe ligunya lezomkhosi okanye lomkhosi kuphela, kodwa kunye nelombono. Yayiyindaleko yezulu kwinqanaba lezemveliso laseRussia, elikhuphisana ne-United States ngobukhulu behlabathi.

Nangona kunjalo, yonke into inexabiso. Ixabiso ekufuneka lihlawulwe ngabantu bendawo, liphantsi korhulumente wamapolisa, ngokucinezelwa kunye nokususa naluphi na uhlobo lokungavisisani kwezopolitiko. Waye wahlambulula abo basebenzisana nabo ngokuthe ngqo, wabeka imithetho engqongqo yezemisebenzi ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji kunye nokucinezela abanye abantu beSatellite States (amazwe aphantsi kolawulo lobukomanisi).

Umzekelo kwabanye, umcinezeli kwabanye

UJoseph Stalin akazange ashiye-kwaye angashiyi-nabani na ongakhathaliyo. Abathandekayo baqhayisa ngaye kwaye bade bamnike imbeko rhoqo ngonyaka kwilizwe lakowabo laseGeorgia, bejika isithethe saba yinto yohambo. Kwelinye icala, baninzi abo bamfanelekayo njengo omnye woozwilakhe abanxanelwe igazi loo mbali yakha yaziwa.

Amanyathelo entlalo-qoqosho aqhutywa "yindoda yentsimbi" ayinakuphikiswa: uhlengahlengiso kwezolimo, inguquko kwezobuchwephesha, uphuhliso lweshishini leenqwelo moya okukhokelele amaRussia ukuba abe kwindawo yokuqala yokujikeleza, kunye nokudityaniswa kweendlela zemveliso, ephawulwe ngaphambi nasemva kwinqanaba lamazwe aphela kude kube namhlanje.

Ngokukwanjalo, konke oku ukufezile ngenqindi lesinyithi, ngokuthatha isigqibo ngamalungelo abantu afana nenkululeko yokuthetha, ukuthintelwa ekuthinjweni kunye nokwenziwa kweenkonzo ezifihlakeleyo ezifihlakeleyo ezifana neKGB Kuthiwa wabulala amakhomanisi amaninzi kuneentshaba zawo.

Ukusweleka kwakhe ngo-1953 ngenxa yezizathu zendalo, Kuthetha ukuhla kweManyano yoLuntu kunye nenqanaba lokuphakama kwayo, enegalelo kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi "Cold War", apho i-USSR yayiya kuphulukana nefuthe namandla kude kube sekupheleni kwayo ngo-1991.