Isibheno se-Authoritarians kwii-Malcontents kunye neMilitarants

Ngexesha lokudideka okukhulu kwezentlalo, ukungoneliseki kunye nezidubedube — ngokungafaniyo nehlabathi esiphila kulo ngoku — abantu abaninzi batsaleleka kwiinkokeli ezingoozwilakhe ezithembekileyo ezithembisa ukhuseleko nozinzo, ukukhululeka kumaxhala noloyiko, kunye nezenzo zokohlwaya “abanye” abayingozi.

Uninzi lwabaxhasi babo ngabemi abahloniphekileyo, abavoti bezopolitiko abanomdla, abapolitiki kunye neengcali. Kodwa kukwakho abo babona i-vitriol njengethuba lokuveza ingqumbo nenzondo, okanye igunya lomkhosi kunye nokuthatha izixhobo.

Ngamaxesha okungaqiniseki noloyiko, iinkokheli ezizimeleyo kunye ne-demagogic zikwazi ngcono ukufumana amandla okulawula nokuba kungonyulo okanye ngokudibana. Kwinkulungwane ephelileyo, amadoda anamandla (uMussolini, uHitler, uStalin, uMao, uHirohito, uFranco, uBatista, u-Amin, uChavez, uMugabe, uSukarno, uSamosa, uPinochet) batsala abalandeli abanenzondelelo, baba nefuthe elimangalisayo, kwaye bahlala benyanzelisa inkohlakalo nokuphalazwa kwegazi.

Sele kule nkulungwane, abanye abalawuli abangoozwilakhe basebenzisa amandla olawulo (u-Putin, Modi, Bolsonaro, Xi Jinping, Orban, Erdogan, Lukashenko, Maduro, nabanye).

I-United States iye yasinda kubongameli be-demagogic kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo babekhona abantu baseMelika abanesidima sokuthetha phandle: Huey Long, Joe McCarthy, J. Edgar Hoover, Jimmy Hoffa, George Wallace, Charles Coughlin, nabanye bashiye iimpembelelo ezinzulu.

Iintshukumo zopolitiko zobuzwilakhe zihlala zifana nenkolo ngokwendalo, kuba zikhokelwa ziinkokeli ezinesisa, zitsalela abalandeli abanenzondelelo ("Amakholwa Okwenyani"), kwaye zivelisa iimvakalelo kunye nomsindo kwabanye "abanye" abathukayo.

Ndisebenzisa igama elithi “ihlelo” ndicebisa kuba, kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, ndafunda amakhulukhulu amalungu enkolo yezenkolo, inoveli “yeenkolelo ezinzulu” kumazwe ahlukeneyo. La maqela ayeneenkokeli ezibizwa ngokuba ziiMesiya ezazinqula ngokuzimisela njengezithixo.

Ngaphambi kokujoyina, nangona kunjalo, abo banomdla kakhulu kula maqela babengonelisekanga bubomi babo kunye noluntu. Bebekhukuliseka, bengonwabanga ngokwabo, bezibuza ukuba bayakuze bazive banelisekile kwaye beqinisekile.

Baziva behlukanisiwe nosapho kunye noluntu (ukungonwabi kwiimeko zentlalo, ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokungakhathali, bengafanelekanga); ukungakhathali (ukudandatheka, ukudana, ithemba, ingqumbo); ukuzithemba okuphantsi (ukungoneliseki ngeziqu zabo, imikhombandlela, kunye nekamva).

Xa bevezwa ngamaqela akholelwa ngokwenyani kunye neenkokheli zomoya, bathabatheka yimincili. Uninzi lujoyine kwaye kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbalwa zobulungu, baziva ngathi "bahlangulwe" kubomi babo obungafezekanga. Baziva betshintshiwe kukufumanisa amandla kunye nentsingiselo ebikade isilela ebomini babo, kwaye abaninzi baba nenzondelelo. (Ezi mvakalelo ziya kusasazeka ngokuqinisekileyo.)

Baye bazuza “ii-B's ezine” thina (sonke) sizabalazela: izivamvo zoBuntu (ukuziva sizinzile, sinyanisekile, sinethemba); Ukuba lilungu (icandelo elibalulekileyo lokwamkela, njengeqela elinengqondo efanayo); Ukukholelwa (ukuzibophelela kumaxabiso kunye nembono); kunye neNzuzo (ukuziva unceda abanye).

Kodwa ke nakula maqela enkolo athanda uxolo, bekukho amalungu athile (kunye neenkokheli) ebenomsindo kwaye enengcwangu, kwaye befuna "ukutyhala imvulophu" kungquzulwano nongquzulwano, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubundlobongela.

Khawulezisa phambili ukuza kuthi ga ngoku xa siphila kwixesha elinzima lesurreal kunye nezisongelo ngaxeshanye: COVID-19 ubhubhane; ubuhlanga kunye nezinye "ii-isms" ezinentiyo; ukwahlulahlula phakathi kwezopolitiko; ukwahlula ukwahluka kwezoqoqosho; iziphumo ezibi zokufudumala komhlaba; abahlali ngemipu nezixhobo ezizenzekelayo.

Esi 'saqhwithi sigqibeleleyo' semvukelo edlongondlongo sichaphazela bonke ubudala, ubuhlanga, ubuzwe, iinkolo, kunye nobuhlanga. Abanye banobubi kakhulu kunabanye, kodwa akukho mntu ungaphazamisekiyo. Abantu abaqinisekanga kwaye bayoyika ngempilo yabo, iintsapho, imfundo, imisebenzi, umvuzo kunye nokusinda.

Baziva bengakhuselekanga malunga ne-odysseys zabo kunye nekamva labo. Imibuzo ekhoyo ibanzi: Kutheni le nto sikule meko? Sisingise phi? Ngubani osikhokelayo? Kuya kwenzeka ntoni kuthi sonke?

Uninzi lwabantu olungonelisekiyo noloyiko lufuna intuthuzelo kolu xinzelelo, kwaye abanye baqinisekiswa ziinkokeli ezinobuzwilakhe ezivuselela iingcinga zabo, zikhulisa amandla abo, kwaye bathembisa ukukhululeka kuxinzelelo olungapheliyo. Bakhuthaza abalandeli ngamandla abo kwaye bajolise kwingqumbo yabo kwimikhosi emibi. Kule meko ishushu, inzondelelo, "isms" enentiyo, kunye neengcamango zelenqe ziyanda kwaye zinokuba yindawo yokuzalanisa ngokulula.

I-malcontents kunye nabaphembeleli bathabatheka ziintetho ezothusayo ezithembisa ukushenxisa ilizwe lezinto ezibhukuqayo kunye nokubonelela ngezisombululo kwiingxaki zabo. Bayayikholelwa intetho yobunkokeli kwaye bachukunyiswa kukunyanzelwa kwakhe, kwaye ezabo iinkanuko ziyavutha kwaye zivutha. Baziva bexhotyisiwe, beqinisekile ukuba baya kuthi ekugqibeleni babambezeleke kwezopolitiko okanye ezinye izinto egameni labo. Iinkokheli zihlala zibonwa "njengabasindisi" bokwenyani abaya kuthi banikezele iintshaba zabo zingenabungozi, kwaye banokubuyela kumasiko nakwiimfundiso ezingcwele.

Amalungu avuselelweyo ayaphumelela kubutshaba babo. Banamandla, ukungonwabi kwabo kuyancitshiswa, kuthunyelwe kwizicwangciso zamanyathelo okulungisa.

Kwimeko yengqondo, abazinikeleyo bazalisekisa ii-B ezine: Baziva bengcono malunga neemowudi zabo kunye nehlabathi labo (Ukuba). Ukwahlukaniswa kwabo kunye nokupheliswa kwembuyekezo yabo kuyaphela, ngakumbi kwinkampani yabantu abafanayo abanomdla ofanayo (abangabakhoyo). Ukukhetha kwabo kunye nokuqiniswa kokuqina kubalulekile kubo, ukondla ubushushu babo (Ukukholelwa). Baqinisekile ukuba le nto bayenzayo iya kwenza umhlaba ube yindawo engcono (Ububele).

Siye sabona rhoqo, kumabonwakude nakumajelo asekuhlaleni, le meko ixhaphakileyo: Ngexesha lomboniso woxolo ngokuchasene nesikhalazo esisemthethweni (ubuhlanga, inkohlakalo, ukudubula), kuvela amadoda (ngesiqhelo), ahlala evela ngaphandle kommandla wedolophu, ngamanye amaxesha enxibe umkhosi izixhobo zokulwa kwaye uxhobe kakhulu, uhlala uphinda izilogeni kunye nezisongelo, ukuxhaphaza nokuxhokonxa, usebenzisa ubundlongondlongo kwanokudubula izixhobo.

Iphethini yabo kukoyikisa, ukuphembelela, kunye nokudlamka, kwaye uninzi lwabo lubonakala ngathi luyoliswa kukungqubana kobundlobongela. Nokuba zithini na izizathu zabo, eyona nto iyingozi ngokuyintloko 'kukumosha umlo,' ngaphandle kwezopolitiko okanye izikhalazo.

Kodwa abanye ekuhlaleni babona la majoni njengabaphuli-mthetho aboyikisayo, abangcungcuthekisi, kunye ne-louts, ngakumbi xa kusenzeka ukungqubana emva kokuba iinkokheli zomphakathi zicenge imiboniso yoxolo. Amapolisa (abalindi besizwe, abathunywa bamanyano) banokuphendula ngamanani amakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha ngempumelelo, ngamanye amaxesha ngeziphumo ezibi. Kodwa bahlala belahleka ngenxa yokunqanda ubundlobongela kunye nokusingatha ngoxolo la mazwe azibiza ngokuba ngamajoni. Bayazi ukuba nabo baphantsi koqwalaselo lukawonke-wonke kunye nokugxekwa, kwaye abanqweneli kungena kudutyulo kunye namajoni axhobileyo.

Isihlomelo sokuqala siqulathe ilungelo leNtetho yaSimahla, nesiyixabise ngokufanelekileyo. Abemi abakhathazekileyo bahlala belisebenzisa eli lungelo lingenakuhluthwa ngokudlulisa izinto ezixhalabileyo, bebonisa esidlangalaleni, bematsha, kwaye beveza izimvo zabo ngokuthetha nangokuzithemba. Amakholwa okwenene anenzondelelo kunzima ukuqiqa nawo, ukanti iingxoxo nentsebenziswano zifezekisiwe kwizihlandlo ezininzi.

Kodwa abenzi bobundlobongela, amagorha omkhosi, kunye nemikhosi yamajoni kwimikhosi yokuzibiza-nokuba ikhuthazwa ziinjongo zabo, inkohlakalo yomntu, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, okanye ukuphenjelelwa ziziyobisi okanye utywala-akunakunyanzeleka ukuba kuluntu lwentando yesininzi. Ngokuqinisekileyo ulawulo lwabo luxanduva lweenkokheli zoluntu ezikhethiweyo kunye namapolisa.

Imibutho edlakazeliswa ludandatheko olunzulu lwabemi kunye nembambano yezopolitiko eyahlukeneyo ihlala ijongana nesoyikiso sabantu abathanda idemokhrasi abahlanganisa ukungonwabi okungathandekiyo kunye namajoni omlo. Sishiyeke ke sinomceli mngeni omkhulu kunye ne-conundrum: Siyithomalalisa njani okanye siyithintele njani i-vitriol ekhutshwe ngabantu abomeleleyo be-demagogic abakhuthaza iimvakalelo zentiyo kunye nezenzo ezinobundlobongela emadodeni asemngciphekweni?