Umthwalo wovavanyo olumiselweyo

Umxholo

• Amanqaku aphambili
• Imfundo ebalulekileyo yokufunda
• Omnye umzekelo wokuFundisa okuNcinci okhokelela ekuFundeni okungakumbi

Amanqaku aphambili

• UBiden wathembisa ukuba uza kuphelisa iimvavanyo ezisemgangathweni.
• Esi sithembiso saphuliwe, ukuvavanywa kugunyazisiwe kule ntwasahlobo.
• Iimvavanyo ezisemgangathweni zohlwaya abo bahlelelekileyo, ezona ntsapho zisesichengeni sobunzima.

Kukho ithemba emoyeni, ivumba lentwasahlobo, ulindelo lotshintsho, idemokhrasi inokudlula. Kutheni, ke, ngezikolo zikarhulumente ze-K-12, isithembiso esaphukileyo, ukuphazamiseka?

U-Biden uphakamise amathemba xa ethembisa, nge-16 kaDisemba, 2019, ukuba "uza kuzibophelela ekupheliseni uvavanyo olukumgangatho ofanayo kwizikolo zikarhulumente," esithi (ngokufanelekileyo) ukuba "ukufundisa kuvavanyo akujongi kwaye kuphungula izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. abafundi ukuba bazi. ” Ukanti ngoFebruwari 22, iSebe lezeMfundo lenze into-ngobuso, libhengeza, "Kufuneka siliqonde igalelo le-COVID-19 ekufundeni ... abazali bafuna ulwazi ngendlela abaqhuba ngayo abantwana babo."

Baqhuba njani abantwana? Bayasokola, yile ndlela, besenza konke okusemandleni abo, kwaye ke kunjalo ngootitshala nabazali. Kwaye ngabona bantu bahlelelekileyo abasokolayo kakhulu; kutshintsho lokufundisa nge-Intanethi, kunokwenzeka ukuba bangabinakho ukufikelela kwi-intanethi, osapho lwabo lusengozini yokuphulukana nemisebenzi, ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nobomi. Kubiza i-1.7 yezigidigidi zeedola ukwenza olu vavanyo, kodwa intlawulo ebantwaneni-iinyembezi, uloyiko, ukwahlukana-akunakulinganiswa.

Uninzi lwabantu alunalo nofifi lokuba luluphi olu vavanyo. Kuba izikolo zihlala okanye zife ngenxa yamanqaku ovavanyo, okona kuvavanywayo kuko okufundiswayo, kwaye imfundo eninzi kakhulu iba sisakhono esingenangqondo sezibalo kunye nezakhono zesiNgesi. Abantwana baphuma esikolweni bafuna ukungaze bafunde enye incwadi, bengazi nto malunga nesayensi, elidlulileyo, indlela yokufunda ilizwe labo. Ootitshala bahamba ngobuninzi babo; ukunqongophala kootitshala kwakukubi nangaphambi kokuba ubhubhane ubekho. Xa uBetsy DeVos wayeka ezi mvavanyo ngentwasahlobo ephelileyo, ootitshala bakhululeka kangangokuba abanye bathi bekufanelekile ukufuduka kwi-intanethi, ukufumana iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo zikhululwe ukuze kufundiswe.

Ukuvavanywa okumiselweyo okuphezulu kwaqala ngoGeorge W. Bush's Akukho mntwana ushiyekileyo ngasemva (NCLB, 2002). Inkqubo ifike kwilifu leentetho malunga "nokufikelela" kunye "namalungelo oluntu," izichaza "njengesenzo sokuvala umsantsa wokuphumelela ... ukuze kungabikho mntwana ushiyekileyo." I-NCLB, ngowama-2009, yayisilele ukungaphumeleli, kodwa ulawulo luka-Obama lwayithatha, lwayiqamba igama kwathiwa yiRace to the Top, kwaye lafuna ukuba amazwe amkele, njengemeko yemali yomdibaniso, imiGangatho yesiGaba esiQhelekileyo, iseti yemigangatho yesizwe ebethelelwe iqale ngo-2010 ngamawaka ezigidi kunye nokukhuthaza iiBill Gates. UGates uthembisile ukuba uCore uza "kukhupha amandla emarike anamandla," ayenzile, kwaye aya kulilinganisela ibala lokudlala, elingazange lenze njalo.

Olona vavanyo luye lwenziwa kwabo bahlelelekileyo kukuthumela umyalezo wokungaphumeleli kunye nokubeka inkunkuma kwizikolo zikarhulumente. Loluphi uvavanyo lwamanqanaba omvuzo yingeniso yosapho; zidityaniswa ngokusondeleyo kangangokuba kukho igama layo-isiphumo sekhowudi ye-zip. Xa amanqaku ovavanyo abonise "ukusebenza okuphantsi," izikolo ziye zavalwa ngamakhulu, ikakhulu kwimivuzo ephantsi, kubamelwane abambalwa, kwaye endaweni yabo kwaqhutywa ngasese, iitshathi ezenza inzuzo.

Uvavanyo kunye novavanyo aluzange lusebenze, nkqu ngaphakathi kwinjongo yalo yokunciphisa, yokufumana amanqaku ovavanyo. Ibineminyaka engama-20 ukuzibonakalisa, kwaye “ayisebenzi nje,” njengoko kuxela uDana Goldstein, eshwankathela iziphumo zovavanyo lwamazwe aphesheya ezibonisa ukuba amanqaku ovavanyo abaneminyaka eli-15 ubudala ahleli emile ukusukela ngo-2000, “nangona ilizwe Uchithe amawaka ezigidi ”(The New York Times, Disemba 3, 2019). Ayiphumelelanga ukunciphisa isithuba sempumelelo, kodwa ibingazange ibe njalo: bekusoloko kungokubangabucala, ukuthatha imali yoluntu kurhulumente kwiitshata zabucala, ukuvelisa inzuzo kwiinkampani ezinje ngePearson, Houghton Mifflin, McGraw Hill.

UDiane Ravitch wakubona oku kwangoko. Njengelungu elibalulekileyo kumasebe emfundo omabini olawulo luka-Bush, wayengummeli we-NCLB, kodwa wathi akuqonda ukuba eyona njongo yayo yayikukwenza ubucala kwimfundo yoluntu, waba ngumgxeki wakhe onamandla, esebenzisa ukubhala kwakhe kunye nokusebenza kwakhe, njengoko esithi, ukulungisa umonakalo owenziwe yimigaqo-nkqubo awayeyixhasa.

Ngokuphathelele kwigunya lokuba izikolo kufuneka zenze iimvavanyo ezisemgangathweni phakathi kobhubhane, inomdla wokuba lo myalelo awusayinwanga nguNobhala wezeMfundo, uMiguel Cardona, kodwa ngu-Ian Rosenblum, onguNobhala oNcedisayo onguNobhala, ongafaniyo noCardona nelinye iSebe leMfundo. abaqeshiweyo, akanamava okufundisa. I-Rosenblum ivela kwi "Education Trust," itanki yokucinga ekhuthaza ukuvavanywa okumiselweyo egameni lokulingana, njengendlela yobulungisa bobuhlanga. Eli qela, ebelinenxaxheba ekubhalweni kwe-NCLB, belinyanzela iSebe lezeMfundo ukuba likhanyele ukuyekiswa kovavanyo ukuba bathi bafake isicelo sazo (amazwe aliqela, kubandakanya iNew York neCalifornia, besele besenzile isicelo sokurhoxa okunjalo). Ukujonga nje abanye babaxhasi bayo bequmrhu- iziseko ezixhaswa ngemali nguGates, uMark Zuckerberg, uMichael Bloomberg, uJeff Bezos, usapho lwaseWalmart- ibonisa ukuba ingakanani imali etyaliweyo kuvavanyo nakubucala, kwaye ngubani.

Akukho mntu ubuza ootitshala ukuba baqhuba njani abafundi. Ngootitshala abakwaziyo ukuvavanya ukufunda kunye nelahleko zabafundi (njengoko uBiden esazi kakuhle, etshatele komnye). Ngabo titshala ekufuneka bejongane “neenyembezi, ukugabha, kunye neebhulukhwe ezibukhali” ezibangelwa luvavanyo, kwaye kufuneka ngoku bazinyathele "elinye ixesha lokuvavanywa okunesiphithiphithi," njengoko utitshala uJake Jacobs ebhala kwi-Progressive. U-Biden usenokuba ubuze imibutho yootitshala kuba uzichaze njengomntu "womanyano." Nantsi into awayeyive kumongameli we-National Education Association, umbutho omkhulu wootitshala kweli (kunye noJill Biden's): azithembekanga ngakumbi ngoku. ” Akufanelekanga “ukuza ngendleko yexesha elixabisekileyo lokufunda elinokuchithwa ngabafundi.”

Imfundo ebalulekileyo yokufunda

Omnye umzekelo wokuFundisa okuNcinci okhokelela ekuFundeni okungakumbi