Zityhilwa ziimpawu zakho zoLuntu

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zoMgangatho ziLahla njani amandla kwiXesha
• Kutheni ukuTyikitya kwakhona kungasebenza
• Indlela imeko ekuchaphazela ngayo ukuphikisana

Amanqaku aphambili:

• Abantu "babonisa" inqanaba labo ngokujonga okanye ngokuziphatha ngeendlela ezinqwenelekayo eluntwini, kodwa ukuba ezo mpawu zifunyanwa njani zixhomekeka kwimeko.
• Ukuba uphawu lwentlalontle lwangaphambili (njengedigri yasekholejini) iba yinto eqhelekileyo, ukusayina ngabom malunga nayo kunokubuya nomlilo.
• Abanye endaweni yoko baya "kwenza into ephikisayo" -ehlisa ngabom imeko yabo ekuhlaleni-ukuze bahlale ngaphambili komdlalo.

Kwincwadi yakhe ethengiswa kakhulu ngo-2005, Umdlalo: Ukungena kuMbutho woBucala weeNgcali zokuThatha , UNeil Strauss uchaza indlela omnye umfundi "umdlalo" ezahlula phakathi kwabo bakhuphisana nabo abangamadoda ukuze baqwalasele owasetyhini kumdlalo wokuthandana.

Uninzi lwabakhuphisana nabo baqhayisa ngendlela abaphumelele ngayo, kodwa umhlobo kaStrauss wathi “wayengumlungisi nje wezinto ezilula”.

Lo ngumzekelo wokumiswa kwakhona.

Iimpawu zivuza ulwazi-ubuchule, imikhwa, isimilo, njl. -Nenjongo okanye ngenye indlela. Asinakuhlala sigcina iimpawu zobuqu. Kodwa sinokuthi siqwalasele amanyathelo abonisa ngokuthembekileyo ulwazi malunga nezo zinto.

Iimpawu zoMgangatho ziLahla njani amandla kwiXesha

Idigri yasekholejini ihlala ibonwa njengomqondiso wokukwazi. Ummeli onesidima wokukwazi ukucinga nokufunda nokuhambelana.

Ngama-1970, kuphela iipesenti ezili-13 zabantu baseMerika babenama-bachelor degrees. Namhlanje, ngaphezulu kwama-30 epesenti yabantu baseMelika ngabaphumelele kwiikholeji. Oku kukhokelele kugqatso lomqondiso wokufundisa.

Kwincwadi yakhe Ityala elichasene neMfundo Ingcali yezoqoqosho uBryan Caplan ubhala athi, “Ubungakanani bemfundo oyifunayo ukuze ufumane umsebenzi unyukile ngaphezu kwemfundo oyifunayo. Umthengisi webhari, umphathi wemali, umpheki, umgcini-ndlu, unogada kunye noweta ngoku yimisebenzi eqhelekileyo kwiikholeji. ”

I-glut yemfundo ikhokelele kwiipesenti ezingama-44 zabafundi abancinci abaphumeleleyo kwikholeji ngoku abasebenza kwimisebenzi engadingi isidanga sasekholejini.

Xa wonke umntu enesidanga, umqondiso uphelelwa ngamandla. Njengoko uCaplan ebhalayo, “Ukunyuka kwemfundo ngokuzenzekelayo kubanga ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuqinisekileyo; njengoko iziqinisekiso zisanda, kuya kufuneka ufunde nzima kwaye ixesha elide ukweyisela abaqeshi ukuba bakuqeshe. Kuwo wonke umntu une-BA. I-dystopia, umntu ofuna umsebenzi wokugcina impahla efuna umniniyo usenokufuna inkosi ukuze afumane umsebenzi. ”

Kukho ukhuphiswano lweengalo zokukhanga ngokomzimba, nazo.

Kwi Inzala Yomntu , UDarwin wabhala wathi, “Ukuba bonke abafazi bethu bangaba bahle njengeVenus de Medici, ngethutyana elithile; kodwa kungekudala masinqwenelele ukwahluka; Kwaye kamsinya nje sakufumana iintlobo ngeentlobo, sinqwenela ukubona abalinganiswa abathile kubafazi bethu bebaxekile ngaphaya komgangatho owawukho ngelo xesha.

Xa okhethekileyo esiba yinto eqhelekileyo, siyayiqhela. Sihlala. Ukuba wonke umntu osijikelezileyo ushushu ngakumbi, imigangatho yethu yokuzithoba ibiya kuphakama kwindawo etshixwayo.

Umbhali uMatt Ridley wabhala incwadi enomdla ebizwa ngokuba Ukumkanikazi Olubomvu: Ukwabelana ngesondo kunye nokuvela kweNdalo yoLuntu . Isihloko sisalathiso kuKumkanikazi Olubomvu eAlice kwiWonderland.

Kwibali, uKumkanikazi Olubomvu uthi kuAlice “Ngoku, uyabona, kuthatha konke ukubaleka onokukwenza, ukuhlala kwindawo enye.”

Abaqeshi babedla ngokufuna abafundi abaphumelele kwisikolo esiphakamileyo kwaye ngoku bafuna izidanga zekholeji. Emva kwexesha baya kufuna ukuba abafaki zicelo babe needigri zenkosi.

Umntu othile namhlanje ufuna iqabane elihle. Kodwa ukuba wonke umntu omfunayo mhle, baya kufuna umntu onomtsalane ngakumbi. Kodwa wonke umntu omfunayo ushushu, baya kufuna oyena mntu ushushu abanokumfumana.

Imfundo kunye nomtsalane kuvavanywa ngokwemigaqo yokuhambelana. Asivavanyi kwinqanaba lokujongwa.

Ukuba abantu banokunikwa ithuba lokunyusa ngomlingo umvuzo wabo nge-5, 000 yeedola ngonyaka, uninzi luya kuyamkela. Kodwa ukuba abantu banokunikwa ithuba lokunyusa ngomlingo umvuzo wabo nge-5, 000 yeedola, kodwa bonke abahlobo babo kunye nabantu abasebenza nabo baya kufumana i-20, 000 yeedola, bambalwa abanokuyithatha loo nto. Baya kuba nobutyebi ngokugqibeleleyo. Kodwa ngokwemigaqo, xa kuthelekiswa noontanga babo, baya kuba ngamahlwempu.

Kutheni ukuTyikitya kwakhona kungasebenza

Buyela kuNeil Strauss kunye nomhlobo wakhe "wokulungisa okukhanyayo". Lo mfo wayezama ukwahlula phakathi kwabo wayekhuphisana nabo ngokuzama ukungabonisi mfazi kumdlalo. Wayezama ukumchukumisa ngokuzama ukungamchukumisi.

Kwiphepha elinesihloko esithi "Upholile kakhulu esikolweni? Ukutyikitywa nokusayinwa ”ezoqoqosho uNicholas Feltovich noRichmond Harbaugh babhala:

“Inewuau riche ibonakalisa ubutyebi bayo, kodwa izityebi zakudala ziyazijongela phantsi ezo ziboniso ze-gauche. Amagosa amancinci angqina ubume bawo ngemiboniso emincinci yegunya, ngelixa abanamandla ngokwenyani bebonisa amandla abo ngokuthambekisa. Abantu abakumndilili wemfundo babonisa ukuba bafunda rhoqo iskripthi sabo, kodwa abafundileyo bahlala bebhala ngokungekho semthethweni. Abafundi beMediocre baphendula imibuzo elula katitshala, kodwa abafundi abagqwesileyo baneentloni ukungqina ulwazi lwabo ngamanqaku angenamsebenzi. Abantu oqhelene nabo babonisa iinjongo zabo ezintle ngokungazinanzi iziphene zabo, ngelixa abahlobo abasenyongweni bebonisa ukusondelelana ngokubonisa ngokugculelayo. Abantu abanesakhono sokumodareyitha bafuna iziqinisekiso ezisesikweni zokukholisa abaqeshi kunye noluntu, kodwa abanetalente bahlala bejongela phantsi iziqinisekiso zabo nokuba bazikhathaze ngokuzifumana. Umntu ohloniphekileyo uyaziphikisa izityholo atyholwa ngazo lo mntu, lo gama umntu ohlonitshwayo ekufumanisa kuyithoba isidima ukuphendula. ”

Ngamanye amagama, ngamanye amaxesha umqondiso onamandla uyala ukudlala umdlalo wokubonisa (wona ngokwawo uthumela umqondiso. Akukho mqondiso wokubaleka).

Uphando kubungcali bolwimi lufumanise ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abakumgangatho ophantsi kunye nabodidi oluphezulu, abantu abakumgangatho ophakathi banonophele kwaye bachanekile ngendlela abathetha ngayo. Batyekele ekuyicaciseni bhetele le nto ithethwa ziingcali zolwimi ngokuba zi "hypercorrection."

Udidi oluphakathi, inqanaba lokuxhalaba ngakumbi, jonga ngakumbi indlela abathetha ngayo. Udidi oluphezulu lunokuphikiswa ngokusetyenziswa ngokukhululeka ngakumbi kwiipateni zabo zentetho.

Kwincwadi yakhe Fumanisa uQoqosho lwakho lwangaphakathi , Uprofesa wezoqoqosho uTyler Cowen uxoxa ngokutyikitywa kwamanani kwimeko yeqweqwe leencwadi. Ubhala athi, “Ukuba incwadi idwelisa u-'Ph.D. 'Emva kwegama lombhali, lumka. Umbhali ufuna ezo leta ukubonisa ukubaluleka kwakhe. Ihlala ithetha ukuba umbhali akaqhelananga nokunxibelelana noontanga, ubhenela kwizinto ezingenamsebenzi, okanye wenza amabango athandabuzekayo. UStephen Hawking akazisebenzisi ezi leta zontathu. ”

Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba imeko inxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kwejoggon. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje olukhokelwe ngumphandi weYunivesithi yaseColumbia uZachariah Brown wafumanisa ukuba ababhali abakwiiyunivesithi ezikumgangatho osezantsi basebenzise ukuntsonkotha kolwimi kwizicatshulwa zabo xa kuthelekiswa nababhali abavela kwizikolo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Esi siphumo saxelwa ngokuyinxalenye yinkxalabo yombhali malunga nokuvavanywa kwabaphulaphuli kunokuba kucace — babekhathalele ngakumbi malunga nokukhuthaza abanye abafundi kunokuba bacace.

Olu xinzelelo phakathi kwabahlohli kubonakala ngathi ludlula ngaphaya kwe-Ph.D. abafundi. Isifundo kwi Ijenali yezoQoqosho lweMathematika osihloko sithi "Ukuthozama Okungekho .

Ingxoxo ephambili ephepheni ngamanye amaxesha, ukunika ingxelo ngeendaba ezimnandi kunokwenza ukuba umntu abonakale emabi. Umzekelo, ukuba impumelelo inokufezekiswa ngokulula, ukuxela ukuba uyifezekisile kunokukwenza ubonakale umbi, okanye ungazithembi, okanye usisiyatha.

Ukuba sele ukwinqanaba eliphezulu, ukuxela iindaba ezimnandi kunokuba ngumbono ombi. Ukuba wenza kakuhle, ujongeka ungalunganga xa uziqhayisa ngokufezekisa into abantu abalindele ukuba uyenze. Ungasayina ngokubamba iindaba. Okanye omnye umntu akuchaze.

Ngethuba lokuqala umbhali efikelela kuluhlu oluthengisa kakhulu, kunokuba yinto enomdla ukubabona bebhala iposti ende yemidiya yoluntu okanye intambo ebonisa ukumangaliswa kunye nokuzithoba kunye nombulelo. Kodwa okwesihlandlo seshumi umbhali ebhala ethengisa kakhulu, kwa loo post inde inokujongwa njenge-gauche.

Omnye umzekelo obalaseleyo wokuphikisana nokusayina ngu-Malcolm Gladwell kwi-Twitter bio: "Ulusu lwaseCanada." Uninzi lwabantu luzifundile iincwadi zakhe okanye bayamazi umntu owazifundayo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba anike umqondiso; unokuphikisa.

Indlela imeko ekuchaphazela ngayo ukuphikisana

Kodwa uninzi lwabantu alunakuphikiswa. Ukuba umntu sele engumntu ohloniphekileyo, ukuphinda utyikitye kudlulisa ulwazi oluqinisekileyo malunga nabo. Ukuba akunjalo, ukuphinda utyikitye kwakhona kungabuya.

Ngokomzekelo, uhlolisiso olwenziwa ngoochwephesha bezigulo ngengqondo uGil Greengross noGeoffrey Miller lufumanise ukuba xa umntu esebenzisa uburharha bokuzicekisa — uhlobo oluthile lokutyikitya — abantu babenza babonakale benomtsalane.

Kodwa kuphela ukuba umntu ukwinqanaba eliphezulu. Kubantu abakwinqanaba eliphantsi, ukusebenzisa uburharha bokuzithoba (ukuphinda utyikitye) kubonakala ngathi kubuyela umva.

Abaphandi babhala ukuba abantu abakwizikhundla eziphezulu "banokukwazi ukuzenza lula ukuba bahlekise ngabo" kwaye "ukusetyenziswa kwehlazo lokuzithoba ngabantu abakwizinga eliphantsi kunokuba yinto engenampumelelo, iphakamisa ukudakumba, ukoyiswa, ukuthotyelwa, ukuzithemba okuphantsi, kunye / okanye ixabiso eliphantsi leqabane. Kwelinye icala, ukuba umntu uphumelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu ekuhlaleni, abanakufane bazithobele isazela, babhukuqe, okanye bazinze ngokweemvakalelo, kwaye kufuneka babonakalise ukuvumelana okusengqiqweni rhoqo ukwenza abahlobo kwaye bafumane inkxaso. ”

Ngamafutshane, abantu abakwinqanaba eliphantsi ababhekisa ezantsi kwisimo sabo nangakumbi. Kodwa abantu abakumgangatho ophakamileyo abakwandisayo bayalinyusa inani labo nangakumbi.

Isicatshulwa esivela kuGolda Meir sithatha olu luvo: "Ungathobeki kakhulu-awumkhulu kangako."