Kutheni le nto iiCandy Crushes zehlabathi zilawula ubomi bethu?

Umxholo

• Yintoni kanye le inika le midlalo ukuba nefuthe elinje ebantwini?
• Ukwaphula iilekese kwahluke njani kwimidlalo yakudala?
• Wenziwa njani umnqweno?
• Ukuvula iimpompo zedopamine
• Dopamine kubalulekile ukuFunda
• Ukuthenga, iDopamine, kunye nolindelo

Kwenzeka ntoni xa uhlobo lobukho bendalo, emva kokuvela kwezigidi zeminyaka, luhlangana nelizwi lokugqibela kulwabiwo olucwangcisiweyo nolucwangcisiweyo? UDarwin uya kukhangela i-gas pedal kule nto yakhe yokuzivelela.

Iifowuni ziye zajika amashumi, ukuba ayingangamakhulu, ezigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela baba ngabadlali bevidiyo yevidiyo ezinje ngeeAngry Birds, iTempile Run, okanye iCandy Crush. Kodwa njengoko imidlalo yayisenza ipokotho yomntu wonke, iingxelo zokuba likhoboka labo nazo zanda.

Isikhundla esisemthethweni se-American Psychiatric Association kukuba idatha eyaneleyo ayikabikho ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba umlutha uyinyani na. Kodwa namhlanje iingxelo sele zixhaphakile koomama ababedlala kakhulu ngokudlala iCandy Crush ukukhumbula ukukhetha abantwana babo enkulisa, kwaye abantu abaninzi bayangqina ukuba baziva bengamakhoboka emidlalo eqhelekileyo. Uvavanyo olwenziwe kwiMarike yakho ekuJoliswe kuyo lufumanise, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba i-28% idlala ngexesha lomsebenzi, i-10% izifumene ziphikisana nabantu abasondeleyo malunga nokuchitha ixesha ekudlaleni, kwaye i-30% ithatha ukuba ingamakhoboka.

Yintoni kanye le inika le midlalo ukuba nefuthe elinje ebantwini?

Ukwaphula iilekese kwahluke njani kwimidlalo yakudala?

Ngokuchasene nemidlalo yobuntwana ebandakanya amaqabane abantu, okanye ubuncinci ukubandakanya ukuxhaphaza izinto zokwenene kwindawo yokwenyani, imidlalo ye-smartphone ayifuni kwanto. Elona candelo likhulu lokoneliseka okulindelweyo kwimidlalo yakudala yayikukuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngowuphi umdlalo oza kuwudlala ngeli xesha kunye nokwenza amalungiselelo (ukumisela iziqwenga zokudlala, ukulungisa indlu yoonodoli, ukwabela abalinganiswa, okanye ukumisela ukuba ngubani oza kuqala).

Nokuba amagama evidiyo eekhompyuter kunye nee-consoles yimicimbi eyahluke kwaphela kwimidlalo ye-smartphone. Kwimidlalo yevidiyo, sihlala sithatha indima ebalaseleyo njengeqhawe, umdlali webhola ekhatywayo, iqhawe, okanye izinto ezinje, ukufezekisa intelekelelo kunye nokunika amava ethu neemvakalelo zethu amava. Imidlalo enjalo inyusa amanqanaba eadrenaline, kwaye ivusa iimvakalelo ezinamandla kunye nokudakumba, ukoneliseka kunye nokonwaba.

Ukudlala imidlalo ye-smartphone akubangeli kumnqweno wokuthatha inxaxheba kuyo nayiphi na into ekwabelwana ngayo okanye ukufezekisa nayiphi na into emnandi. Ukwaneliseka kwabo kuvela kutshintsho lwemo yengqondo, uhlobo lweqela. Ukukhetha usetyenziso kunye nokuqala umdlalo, akukho mali kufuneka, akukho ngcinga okanye njongo, kodwa ngumnqweno wokudlala.

Umnqweno ubonakala ngathi ulambile okanye unxaniwe. Njengabo, ayifuni ukuphatha nzulu kwaye akukho nkqubo yokucinga. Iminqweno yethu yakudala ifika ivela kumanqanaba asezantsi engqondo, njengenkqubo ye-limbic, ebandakanyekayo kwiimvakalelo nakwinkuthazo.

Wenziwa njani umnqweno?

Abaqulunqi bemidlalo kubonakala ngathi bafikile kwifomula ephumeleleyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi "ludic loop" kwaye isekwe kwiziseko zokuziphatha.

Umgaqo ulula. Ingxelo ebalulekileyo, ekuphenduleni kwisenzo, ikhuthaza indlela yokuziphatha ephindaphindwayo ukuba ayikhathali. Umatshini wokufaka unokubonelela ngokugqibeleleyo malunga nendlela i-ludic loop ekhuthaza ngayo isimilo esingalawulekiyo. Wenza isenzo esithile kwaye ufumane ukuqiniswa: umatshini uphendula ngezibane, ukutshintsha imibala, ingxolo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umvuzo wemali. Loo mvuzo usenza ukuba siphindaphinde into enye.

Umdlalo we-smartphone ngokubanzi kulula kwaye kulula ukuwuqonda, kwaye awufuni zixhobo zengqondo, ukuze abantwana nabantu abadala ngokulula baqonde imigaqo esisiseko. Ekuqaleni kukho inkqubo yokufunda ngokwamanqanaba, apho ixesha ngalinye kwinqanaba lokudlala liqhubela phambili kancinci, umceli mngeni uyavuselelwa kwaye ngenxa yoko iluphu yeludic iyahlaziywa kwaye umnqweno wokuqhubeka nokufumana iidosi ezintsha zokuzanelisa zisenza ukuba sidlale kwakhona Kwaye kwakhona.

Ukuvula iimpompo zedopamine

Umtsalane wethu kolu hlobo lwesenzo ubangelwa yi-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuba yidopamine, ikhemikhali efumaneka kwingqondo yethu. Ekuqaleni izazinzulu zinxulumana nedopamine neemvakalelo zokonwaba (inqanaba eliphezulu le-dopamine ebonakalayo ngexesha lemisebenzi efana nokutya itshokholethi, isini, kunye nokuva umculo owuthandayo) kodwa uphando kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo lubonakalisile ukuba i-dopamine inemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo ngaphandle kokwenza ukwaneliseka kunye nolonwabo. Le molekyuli iyasinceda ekuboneni ipateni kwaye iyasilumkisa-ngokuhla iye kumanqanaba asezantsi-ekuphambukeni kwipateni eqhelekileyo esiyifundileyo (ukumangaliswa, ngamanye amagama).

Dopamine kubalulekile ukuFunda

Ukuthenga, iDopamine, kunye nolindelo