Buchaphazela njani ubuntu ukuThobela imiGangatho yoKhuseleko ye-COVID-19

Umxholo

• Amanqaku aphambili
• Ukuchasana neendlela zokukhusela ze-COVID kunye nobuntu
• Iindidi ze-COVID-19 zobuntu
• Ubuntu buFundwe ngokuBalulekileyo
• Izinto ezi-3 zobuso bakho ezixelela ilizwe

Amanqaku aphambili

• Ukuthotyelwa kweenkqubo zolawulo lwe-COVID-19 kwahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu kuxhomekeke kubuntu babo.
• Abantu abaneempawu zobuntu ezingahambelaniyo noluntu banokuchasana nokungahoyi amanyathelo e-COVID-19.
• Abantu abathatha intsholongwane ye-COVID-19 ngokungathandabuzekiyo kunokwenzeka ukuba boyike, badandatheke, kwaye banamazinga aphezulu okuzibulala.
• Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zobuntu zithandwa kakhulu, izimo zengqondo zabantu malunga neendlela zokuthintela intsholongwane kunokwenzeka ukuba "zizalwe kwaye azenziwanga."

NguFrederick L. Coolidge, PhD kunye noApeksha Srivastava, M.Tech

Okwangoku, akukho lunyango okanye unyango olusebenzayo ngokupheleleyo kwintsholongwane ye-COVID-19. Kuyaziwa ngoku ukuba ukukhuselwa komhlambi kunokuba nzima njengoko izitofu zingakhawulezi zivele ngokukhawuleza ukujongana neentsholongwane, kwaye inani elininzi labantu liyamelana nokufumana iyeza.

Kukho, nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo ezisebenza ngokucacileyo ekunciphiseni ukuhanjiswa kwentsholongwane. Babandakanya ukuvala umlomo kunye nempumlo, ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo kunye nokucoceka, ukuhlala kude ekuhlaleni, ukugcina ucoceko olufanelekileyo, ukubekwa ecaleni kwamatyala akrokrelwayo kunye aqinisekisiweyo, ukuvalwa kweendawo zokusebenzela kunye namaziko emfundo, izindululo zokuhlala ekhaya, ukuvalwa kwemida, kunye nokuthintela ukuhlangana kwabantu abaninzi.

Nangona kunjalo, kucacile ukuba ukuthotyelwa kwezi nkqubo zolawulo lwe-COVID-19 kwahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Abanye bayithatha ngokungqongqo le migaqo yezokhuseleko ngelixa abanye bengayithathi. Into enomdla kukuba, uninzi lwezifundo zengqondo ngoku zibonisa ukuba iimpawu ezithile zobuntu zinxulunyaniswa nabantu abathobelayo nabangathobeliyo. Ngaphaya koko, kuyabonakala ukuba iimpembelelo zengqondo yolwazi lwentsholongwane ziyahluka phakathi kwala maqela mabini abantu.

Ukuchasana neendlela zokukhusela ze-COVID kunye nobuntu

Uphononongo lwakutsha nje eBrazil lucebise ukuba ukunqongophala kokuthotyelwa kwemiqathango yokuthintela njengokuphambuka eluntwini, ukuhlamba izandla, nokunxiba imaski kunxulunyaniswa neempawu zobuntu ezingafunekiyo.

Ngokwenyani, igama elithi antisocial lithetha "ngokuchasene noluntu," nangona kunjalo, lichazwa ngokusemthethweni "njengendlela yokungawahoyi, nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo abanye." Le nkcazo ivela "kumgangatho wegolide" wokuchongwa kwengqondo, iDiagnostic kunye neNcwadi yeNgxelo yeNkcazo yokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo (DSM-5) epapashwe yiAmerican Psychiatric Association (2013).

I-DSM-5 ithi abantu abanesifo sokuchaphazeleka ekuhlaleni bahlala benobuntu obufanayo njengokuchasana nokungathintelwa. Ngapha koko, iphawula ukuba abantu abanjalo bahlala bekhohlisa, benenkohliso, benesidima, bengenankathalo, bengenankathalo, benyanzelekile, benobutshaba kwaye bezithathela umngcipheko.

Ewe kunjalo, kanye yile nto ifunyenwe sisifundo saseBrazil: Abantu abangafuniyo ukuthobela amanyathelo okhuseleko bafumana amanqaku aphezulu, ubuqhetseba, ukungakhathali, ukungakhathali, ukunyanzelwa, ubutshaba kunye nokuthatha umngcipheko. Bakwabonisa amanqanaba asezantsi ovelwano. Ababhali (uMiguel et al., 2021) baqukumbele ngelithi ukwanda kwamatyala e-COVID-19 kunye nokusweleka eBrazil, abanye abantu abazukuthobela amanyathelo okuziphatha.

Iindidi ze-COVID-19 zobuntu

Inqaku elinomdla likaLam (2021) lichonge ngokungekho sesikweni i-16 yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zobuntu ze-COVID-19. Babenjalo:

1. Abaphikisi, abanciphisa isoyikiso sentsholongwane kwaye bafuna ukugcina amashishini evulekile
2. Abasasazi, ababefuna ukuba umhlambi ungakhuseleki ngokusasaza intsholongwane
3. Iingozi, ezazifuna ukusasaza intsholongwane ngokutshica okanye ukukhohlela abanye abantu
4. Abangenakoyiswa, abasoloko bengabantu abancinci abakholelwa ekubeni bayakhuseleka kwintsholongwane kwaye aboyiki nakuphi na ukunxibelelana kwezentlalo
5. Abavukeli, inkxalabo yabo ephambili kukucinezela inkululeko yomntu ngoorhulumente
6. Abagxeki, abahlali namazwe okanye abantu abaqale okanye basasaza intsholongwane
7. Abaxhamli, abenza imali ngokwasasazeka kwintsholongwane ngokunyanga ngamanga, okanye amaqela ezopolitiko axhamla kwamanye amazwe asuleleke kakhulu
8. Iinyani, ezihloniphayo isayensi yentsholongwane, ziyahambelana nemilinganiselo yokuthintela kwaye zigonywe ngokukhawuleza
9. Abaxhalabisi, abazixakekise ngobungozi bentsholongwane kwaye bajonga amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuthomalalisa uloyiko lwabo
10. Amagqala, athobela amanyathelo okuqulatha kuba ayibonile intsholongwane okanye ayazi umntu okhe wafumana ezinye iintsholongwane ezinje ngeSARS okanye iMERS
11. IiHoarders, ezinciphisa uloyiko lwabo ngokugcina iphepha langasese kunye nokutya
12. Abahlalutyi, ababonisa ngokwasengqondweni kwiziphumo zentsholongwane kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kunye nokuba umhlaba ungatshintshwa njani yile ntsholongwane;
13. Abaqulunqi, abayila amanyathelo angcono okhuseleko okanye unyango olungcono
14. Abaxhasi, "bavuyise" abanye ekulweni nentsholongwane
15. I-Altruists, enceda abanye abasesichengeni ngokukodwa kwintsholongwane, njengabantu abadala
16. Amagorha, alwa intsholongwane njengabahlengikazi, oogqirha kunye nabanye abasebenzi bezempilo

Ewe, ezi ntlobo ze-COVID-19 zobuntu ziyagqagqana, kwaye azihambelani nayo nayiphi na inkqubo yangoku yokuqonda isifo. Nangona kunjalo, uNjingalwazi Lam ukholelwa ekubeni ukwamkelwa kweentlobo zobuntu ezinje kunganceda kuphuhliso longenelelo ngonxibelelwano olwahlukeneyo kunye nokunciphisa ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane kunye nokunciphisa uloyiko kunye nokukhathazeka okugqithisileyo kwengqondo.

Kwisifundo sethu esisandula ukungeniswa (iCoolidge kunye neSrivastava), sithathe iisampulu zabafundi abali-146 baseIndiya kunye nabaphumelele kwiziko laseIndiya leThekhinoloji iGandhinagar, kwaye siphande umahluko wobuntu phakathi kwabo bathathe i-COVID-19 njengesoyikiso esibi kunye nabo bangakhange ( Ukulahla / ukunciphisa iqela).

Ubuntu buFundwe ngokuBalulekileyo

Izinto ezi-3 zobuso bakho ezixelela ilizwe