Ungqubano lwe-Intrapsychic kunye neepateni zoSapho ezingasebenziyo

Zimbalwa izifundo eziye zajonga indlela ezinokudluliselwa ngayo iingxaki kubuntu ukuya kwesinye. Ukugxininiswa kwezifundo namhlanje ikakhulu kukwizinto eziphilayo.

Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezimbalwa ezenziweyo kweso sifundo ngokubanzi zibonisa iipateni ezifanayo. Nangona kungaze kubekho ulungelelwaniso olunye (kuba ukukhula kwabantu kuyachaphazeleka kukungqubana okungahambelaniyo kwamawaka okwahluka okwahluka-kwemfuza, kwendalo, phakathi kwabantu, kunye noluntu), imicimbi ethile inokwenzeka ukuba idluliswe.

Imizekelo yezifundo ezijonge ukuhanjiswa kweentlobo ezithile zeepatheni ezingasebenziyo kwisiboniso esinye, kubandakanya:

Ukuphazamiseka kwemida efana nokukhuselwa ngokugqithileyo koomama okanye ubudlelwane obubonakaliswa kukungabikho kothando, ubutshaba, kunye / okanye ukubuyela umva komzali / komntwana (uJacobvitz et al., Uphuhliso kunye nePsychpathology ); Ukungazinzi ngokweemvakalelo ngezakhono zokuziphatha kakubi ebantwaneni (UKim et al., Ijenali yezeNzululwazi yoSapho ); Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kunye nokuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana kunye / okanye ukungahoywa; kunye namanqanaba asezantsi olwazi lweentsapho (uSheridan, Ukuphathwa gadalala kwabantwana kunye nokungahoywa ).

Ukuze uqonde inkqubo ezithi zidluliswe ngayo ezi ntlobo zeepateni, ukubandakanya nokulungisa iikhonsepthi ezivela "kwizikolo" ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwengqondo sisicwangciso esiliqili esiluncedo. Kule posi, ndiza kugxila kubudlelwane phakathi kwezi ngcamango: Imodeli yokuvelisa emithathu yokungaziphathi kakuhle kwiinkqubo zonyango lwe-Bowen, kunye nokungqubana kwe-intrapsychic kunyango lwe-psychodynamic. Abantu baneengxabano zangaphakathi phakathi kweminqweno yabo engaphakathi kunye neenqobo abazibeke ngaphakathi njengoko bekhula phakathi kosapho kunye nenkcubeko.

I-theorist yokuncamathisela u-Bowlby kuqala ucebise ukuba ugqithiso lwenzala, hayi ngokujonga iindlela ezithile zokuziphatha ezinje "ngokuhlukumeza" okanye ukuxilongwa kwengqondo kwizigulo ezizodwa, kodwa ngokuzalwa kunye nophuhliso lweemodeli zengqondo zokuziphatha kwabantu ezingqondweni zabantwana abachaphazelekayo. Ezi modeli zengqondo zisebenzayo ngoku zibizwa ngokuba zii-schemas ngabo bobabini abanyanga ngengqondo kunye nokuziphatha. Ingcinga ikwaxhaswa phantsi kweerubrikhi "ithiyori yengqondo" okanye "ukubekwa kwengqondo" ngolunye useto lweengcali zengqondo. Singajonga amava abonisa abantwana ababandakanyekayo kulo lonke ukukhula kwabo.

UZeana noZeanah ( Ukunyangwa kwengqondo Xoxa ngemixholo yokuququzelela imixholo. Bakhankanya ukuba izifundo zibonisa ukuba oomama abahlukumezayo bahlala benesizathu sokuba nabantwana babo xa kuthelekiswa nabantwana babanye abantu. Ngokubanzi, basabela ngokucaphuka ngakumbi kwaye benovelwano oluncinci kwiividiyo zokulila kweentsana kunabo bangabinabo oomama abahlukumezayo. Ukucinga ukuba ezi patheni azinakuqwalaselwa okanye zichaphazeleke ebantwaneni ngokunxibelelana kwemihla ngemihla nabazali babo, kwaye ngekhe kuchaphazele ukukhula kwezikim zabo, kuya kuba yinto ebabazekayo.

Kananjalo, oomama abahlukumezayo baxela izoyikiso ezingakumbi zokulahlwa kunye nokubuyela umva kwindima yabo koomama babo kunokuba babelawula oomama.

Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo yeyona nto iphambili kwintaba yomkhenkce ngokubonakaliswa okufihlakeleyo kokuphindaphindana kwendibano yomzali nomntwana, kwaye njengoko amaZeanahs esitsho, "Iipatheni zonxibelelwano zithathwa njengeziphumo ezibi kakhulu kunezehlo ezithile ezibi."

Xa Bowen Therapists baqala ukwenza iintlobo yezigulana zabo, ezichaza iipateni zonxibelelwano zosapho ubuncinci kwizizukulwana ezintathu, baqaphela into engachazwanga nyani kwizifundo ezinamandla. Ngelixa abanye abantwana babazali abangasebenzi kakuhle babeneengxaki ezazifana nezabazali babo-njengokusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi-abanye abantwana babonakala ngathi baneendlela zokuziphatha ezazichasene ngqo-baba ngabathengisi teetot!

Ndikhe ndalubona olu hlobo lwento amaxesha amaninzi ngelixa ndithatha iimbali zosapho ezinxulumene ne-genogram kwizigulana zam. Unyana omnye olikhoboka lomsebenzi naye uyakuba likhoboka lomsebenzi, loxa umntakwabo esiba ngumntu ophelelileyo ongenakubonakala exhomekeke emsebenzini, okanye ongazikhathaziyo ngokukhangela omnye kwaye aqhubeke nokukhubazeka kolunye uhlobo. Okanye ngubani onikwe amandla ngutata olikhoboka lomsebenzi.

Ngapha koko, kwezinye iintsapho isizukulwana esinye sinamakhoboka otywala amaninzi, isizukulwana esilandelayo sinabathengisi teetot, kwaye esesithathu isizukulwana sibuyele emva ekubeni namakhoboka otywala amaninzi. Okanye impumelelo encomekayo kwisizukulwana esinye ilandelwa kukusilela okumangalisayo kwesinye. McGoldrick noGerson, kwincwadi yabo Iigrogramu kuVavanyo loSapho , yalandela iintlobo ezithile zabantu abadumileyo njengoEugene O'Neill noElizabeth Blackwell kwaye bazifumana lula iipateni ezinjalo.

Ukuba ezi ntlobo zemicimbi ibiyimfuza ngokupheleleyo, bekuya kuba nzima ukucacisa ukuba inzala yabazali abafanayo inokuba yahluke njani omnye komnye, kwaye yahluke ngokupheleleyo kubazali babo. Ke inokuba kwenzeka ntoni ngokwasemphefumlweni ngaphakathi kwabantu okungakhokelela ekuziphatheni phakathi kwabanye nabantwana babo abavelisa ezo ndlela zingaqhelekanga?

Kulapho kungangena ungquzulwano ngaphakathi. Yithi utata wayemdala ngexesha lokuDodobala Okukhulu kweye-1930. Wayekhulile evakalelwa kukuba umsebenzi uyamchaza, kwaye wayenyanzelekile ukuba agcine impumlo kwilitye lokusila ukuze axhase usapho. Wayenethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba angafumana umsebenzi, kodwa umphathi wakhe wabenza babuhlungu ubomi bakhe. Khange akwazi ukuyeka kuba ebengazukufumana omnye umsebenzi, kwaye ke ngenxa yoko waqonda ukuba akazithandi izinto azichaze ngazo.

Oku kungamkhokelela ekubeni aphuhlise ungquzulwano lwe-intrapsychic malunga nokusebenza nzima okuqala ukumqhekeza. Unokunxulumana noonyana bakhe bonke ngendlela - ngobuqili- acebise kunyana omnye ukuba naye afane naye, ngelixa omnye unyana evuzwa ngobuqhetseba ngokwenza into efihlakeleyo katata ekusebenzeni nzima nokuzincama .

Kwangokunjalo, isigulana sinokuvela kubazali abangqongqo ngokungqongqo benkolo abalahle naziphi na iindlela zokuzonwabisa, kodwa abashumayezayo emntwaneni wabo ngobubi botywala ngendlela engathandekiyo. Ukutshixana okunjalo kuhlala kuvela kubo ngenxa yokufumana kwabo imiyalezo eyahlukeneyo evela kubazali babo. Unyana wabo angaziva enyanzelekile ukuba avukele, kwaye ngenxa yoko aqhubeke nokuziphatha kakubi, nokuzinkcinkca ngotywala. Umntu onjalo uhlala ezibhubhisa kwinkqubo, kuba ukuba abazali bakhe bambona ephumelela nangona besela, oku kuyakuqinisa ukungqubana kubazali bakhe kwaye kubazinzise. Ukuphendula komzali kuya kumoyikisa. Ke uba linxila elonakalisayo.

Ukuziphatha kwakhe kuya kuba luhlobo lokulalanisa. Uya kuba ulandela iminqweno yabazali bakhe kwaye avumele ukubonakaliswa kwabo, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye ebonisa abazali bakhe ukuba ukucinezela umnqweno yeyona ndlela kufanelekileyo.

Kwisizukulwana esilandelayo, abantwana bakhe banokuthi "bavukele" njengaye, kodwa ekuphela kwendlela abanokwenza ngayo kukuya kugqithiso olwahlukileyo ngokwabo. Baye baba ngabathengisi teetot. Nabantwana babo, “bavukela” ngokuba ngamakhoboka otywala.

Ndiyenza lula kakhulu le nkqubo ukuze ulwandiso olusisiseko lucace kumfundi, kodwa ndiyazibona ezi ntlobo zeepateni-zinokuphambuka okuninzi okunomdla kunye nokujika-yonke imihla ekusebenzeni kwam.