Iindidi zesifo sokuwa: oonobangela, iimpawu kunye neempawu

Umxholo

• Isathuthwane sinokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu kunye neempawu zayo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwimvelaphi yemithambo-luvo
• Iindidi zokuxhuzula ukuba imvelaphi yayo iyaziwa na
• A) Iingxaki zeempawu
• B) Iingxaki ze-Cryptogenic
• C) Ukubanjwa kwe-Idiopathic
• Iindidi zesifo sokuwa ngokungqinelana nokubanjwa ngokubanzi
• 1. Ingxaki ngokubanzi
• 1.1. Ingxaki ngokubanzi ye-tonic-clonic okanye ingxaki enkulu yemal
• 1.2. Ingxaki yokungabikho okanye ububi obuncinci
• 1.3. Isifo seLennox-Gastaut
• 1.4. Isifo sokuwa
• 1.5. Isifo sentshona
• 1.6. Ingxaki yeAonic
• 2. Ukuthimba ngokungaginyisi mathe
• 2.1. Iingxaki zeJacksonian
• 2.2. Benign inxenye yokuxhuzula kobuntwana
• Ingqwalaselo yokugqibela

Isathuthwane sinokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu kunye neempawu zayo.

Ukuxhuzula zizinto ezintsonkothileyo, ngakumbi xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuxhuzula.

Sele ebhayibhileni, nkqu namaxwebhu amadala ase-Bhayibhile kukho izikhombisi zesifo sokuwa, ezazibizwa ngelo xesha morbus umbingeleli okanye isifo esingcwele, abathi abantu baphulukane naso isiqaqa, bawela phantsi kwaye bahlupheke kakhulu ngelixa bekhulula Benza amagwebu emlonyeni kwaye balume ulwimi lwabo.

Njengoko unokucinga ngegama elabekwa kulo ekuqaleni, kuyo yayinxulunyaniswa nezinto zonqulo okanye zomlingo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba abo banengxaki kuyo babenabanini okanye babenxibelelana nemimoya okanye oothixo.

Ngokuhamba kweenkulungwane, ukukhulelwa kunye nolwazi lwale ngxaki lwakhula, kufumanisa ukuba oonobangela bale ngxaki balele ekusebenzeni kwengqondo. Kodwa igama elithi ukuwa alibhekiseli kuphela kuhlobo lokuxhuzula esele lukhankanyiwe, kodwa lubandakanya ii-syndromes ezahlukeneyo. Ke, sinokufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sokuwa.

Ukuphazamiseka kwimvelaphi yemithambo-luvo

Ukuxhuzula sisifo esintsonkothileyo esineempawu eziphambili kukuphindaphindeka kweengxaki zemithambo-luvo ekuhambeni kwexesha apho iqela elinye okanye lamaqela eeuroperexcable esebenze ngequbuliso, ngokuqhubekayo, ngendlela engaqhelekanga nengalindelekanga, ebangela ukugqithisa kwemisebenzi kwiindawo ezixakekileyo kukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nolawulo lomzimba.

Sisifo esinganyangekiyo esinokuthi siveliswe linani elikhulu lezizathu, ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo kukuqaqanjelwa yintloko, ukubetha, ukopha, usulelo okanye amathumba. Ezi ngxaki zibangela ukuba izakhiwo ezithile zisabele ngokungaqhelekanga kwimisebenzi yobuchopho, ezinokukhokelela kubukho bokuxhuzula ngendlela yesibini.

Olunye lweempawu eziqhelekileyo nezaziwayo kukuxhuzula, ubundlobongela nokungalawuleki kwezihlunu zokuzithandela, kodwa ngaphandle koku kwenzeka kwezinye iintlobo zesifo sokuwa. Kwaye kungenxa yokuba iimpawu ezithile eziza kuboniswa ngumntu onesifo sokuxhuzula zixhomekeka kwindawo engasebenzi kakuhle apho ingxaki iqala khona. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhuzula kuyafana ngokubanzi, kuba isenzo sabo sifikelela phantse kuyo yonke ingqondo.

Iindidi zokuxhuzula ukuba imvelaphi yayo iyaziwa na

Xa sihlela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sokuwa, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba ayizizo zonke iimeko ezaziwayo ukuba sizivelisile. Ukongeza, banokudibaniswa ngokwamaqela ngokokuba izizathu zabo ziyaziwa na, nangamaqela amathathu ngale ndlela: yeempawu, i-cryptogenic kunye ne-idiopathic.

A) Iingxaki zeempawu

Siyabiza iingxaki ezaziwayo yimvelaphi uphawu. Eli qela lelona laziwa kakhulu kwaye lixhaphake kakhulu, ukubanakho ukufumana indawo enye okanye ezininzi zesifo sokuxhuzula okanye ulwakhiwo kunye nomonakalo okanye into ebangela utshintsho. Nangona kunjalo, kwinqanaba elineenkcukacha, ayaziwa ukuba yintoni ebangela olu tshintsho lokuqala.

B) Iingxaki ze-Cryptogenic

Ukuxhuzula kwe-Cryptogenic, okwangoku okubizwa ngokuba kungumqondiso, zezo zinto zokuxhuzula oko barhanelwa ukuba banesizathu esithile, kodwa imvelaphi yabo ingekaboniswa ngu yangoku iindlela zokuhlola. Umonakalo kurhanelwa ukuba ukwinqanaba leselula.

C) Ukubanjwa kwe-Idiopathic

Zombini kwimeko yokubanjwa kweempawu kunye ne-cryptogenic, ukuxhuzula kubangelwa yi-hyperactivation kunye nokukhutshwa ngokungaqhelekanga kwelinye okanye amaqela aliqela e-neurons, kusebenze okuvela kwisizathu esingaziwayo okanye esingaziwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukufumana iimeko apho imvelaphi yokuxhuzula okungabonakali kubonakala kungenxa yomonakalo owaziwayo.

Olu hlobo lwengxaki lubizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic, ekukholelwa ukuba kungenxa yemeko yemfuza. Ngaphandle kokungayazi ngqo imvelaphi yayo, abantu abanolu hlobo lwengxaki bathambekele ekubeni nesifo sengqondo esifanelekileyo kunye nokuphendula kunyango.

Iindidi zesifo sokuwa ngokungqinelana nokubanjwa ngokubanzi

Ngokwesiko ubukho bokuxhuzula bunxulunyaniswa neentlobo ezimbini ezisisiseko ekuthiwa bububi obukhulu kunye nobubi obuncinci, kodwa uphando olwenziwe ekuhambeni kwexesha lubonakalisile ukuba kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zesifo sokuwa. Ii-syndromes ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo zokuxhuzula zihlelwa ikakhulu ngokubhekisele ekubeni ukuphuma kunye ne-neural hyperarousal zenzeka kuphela kwindawo ethile okanye kwinqanaba ngokubanzi.

1. Ingxaki ngokubanzi

Kolu hlobo lokuhlutha, ukukhutshwa kombane kwingqondo kubangelwa ngokudibeneyo kwindawo ethile ukuba iphele ngokubanzi kubo bonke okanye kwinxalenye enkulu yengqondo. Kuqhelekile ukuba kwezi ntlobo zokuxhuzula (ngakumbi kukuxhuzula okukhulu) i-aura yangaphambili ibonakalaOko kukuthi, i-prodrome okanye iimpawu zangaphambili ezinje ngamafu, ukurhawuzelela kunye nemibono ekuqaleni kokubanjwa okunokuthintela ukuba ngubani oza kuva ubunzima ngumbono. Ezinye zezona zaziwa kakhulu kunye ne-iconic ngaphakathi kolu hlobo lokuhlutha ngokuxhuzula zezi zilandelayo.

1.1. Ingxaki ngokubanzi ye-tonic-clonic okanye ingxaki enkulu yemal

Iprototype yokuxhuzula, kukuxhuzula okukhulu kukho ukulahleka ngesiquphe nangoko ngesiquphe okubangela ukuba isigulana siwele phantsi, kwaye sikhatshwa kukuxhuzula rhoqo, rhoqo, ukuluma, ukuchama kunye / okanye ukungabinayo ilindle kunye nokukhala.

Olu hlobo lwengxaki yokubanjwa lolona lufundwe kakhulu, lufumene izigaba ezithathu eziphambili kuyo yonke le ngxaki: okokuqala, isigaba se tonic apho ilahleko yokuqonda isenzeka kwaye iwele emhlabeni, kwaye ke isigaba seconic siqala. apho kuvele khona ukuxhuzula (ukuqala emaphethelweni omzimba kunye nokuqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo) kwaye ekugqibeleni ingxaki yokuxhuzula iphelela kwisigaba sokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo esiye sabuyela ezingqondweni.

1.2. Ingxaki yokungabikho okanye ububi obuncinci

Kolu hlobo lokubanjwa sisathuthwane olona phawu luqhelekileyo yilahleko okanye utshintsho lwengqondo, ezinje ngokuma okuncinci kwimisebenzi yengqondo okanye ukungabikho kwengqondo kuhamba kunye ne-akinesia okanye ukungabikho kwentshukumo, ngaphandle kolunye uguquko olubonakalayo.

Nangona umntu elahleka okwethutyana, bona musa ukuwela phantsi kwaye bahlala bengakhange batshintshe emzimbeni (nangona ukusikwa kwimisipha yobuso ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka).

1.3. Isifo seLennox-Gastaut

Luhlobo oluthile lwesifo sokuwa esiqhelekileyo ebuntwaneni, apho ukungabikho kwengqondo kunye nokuxhuzula okuqhelekileyo kuvela kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi (phakathi kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithandathu ubudala) eyenzeka ngokubanzi kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo kunye neengxaki zobuntu, iimvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha. Sesinye sezona ngxaki ziphambili kwimithambo-luvo yobuntwana, ukukwazi ukubangela ukufa Ngamanye amaxesha ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngenxa yeengxaki ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka.

1.4. Isifo sokuwa

I-Myoclonus yintshukumo e-jerky kunye ne-jerky ebandakanya ukufuduswa kwelungu lomzimba ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye.

Kolu hlobo lokuxhuzula, olubandakanya uninzi lwee-sub-syndromes ezinje nge-myoclonic epilepsy yolutsha kuxhaphakile ukuba ukuxhuzula kunye nomkhuhlane kubonakale ngakumbi nangakumbi, kunye nokuthimba okugxilwe ngohlobo lweejerks ekuvukeni ebuthongweni. Uninzi lwabantu abanale ngxaki bagqibela ngokuxhuzula. Kuqhelekile ukubonakala njengempendulo kukhuthazo lokukhanya.

1.5. Isifo sentshona

Uhlobo oluthile lwesifo sokuwa ngokubanzi oluqala kwisemester yokuqala yobomi, I-West syndrome sisifo esinqabileyo nesinzulu apho abantwana baye balungelelanisa khona imisebenzi yobuchopho (ebonakalayo yi-EEG).

Abantwana abanale ngxaki banengxaki yokuphazamiseka okubangela ukuba amalungu atshintshe ngaphakathi, okanye andise ngokupheleleyo, okanye zombini. Olunye uphawu oluphambili kukonakala kwentsana, ukulahlekelwa ngumzimba, ukukhuthazeka kunye nokubonisa iimvakalelo.

1.6. Ingxaki yeAonic

Ziyi-subtype yesifo sokuwa apho ukulahleka kwengqondo kuvela khona kwaye apho umntu ahlala ewela emhlabeni ngenxa yokuqhekeka kokuqala kwemisipha, kodwa ngaphandle kokuxhuzula kwaye achache ngokukhawuleza. Nangona ivelisa iziqendu ezimfutshane, kunokuba yingozi, kuba ukuwa kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwingozi.

2. Ukuthimba ngokungaginyisi mathe

Ukuxhuzulwa ngokuyinxenye, ngokungafaniyo nokubanzi, kwenzeka kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho. Kwezi meko, iimpawu ziyahluka kakhulu ngokommiselo wedonut hyperactivated, ukunciphisa umda kuloo ndawo, nangona kwezinye iimeko ingxaki inokubakho ngokubanzi. Ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo leyo, iimpawu zinokuba yimoto okanye zibuthathaka, zibangelwe kukuqunjelwa kwimibono ukuya kwiindawo ezithile.

Olu hlaselo lunokuba ziindidi ezimbini, olulula (luhlobo lokuxhuzula okuxhomeke kwindawo ethile, kwaye oko akuchaphazeli inqanaba lokuqonda) okanye ubunzima (obuguqula amandla engqondo okanye ukuqonda).

Eminye imizekelo yokuthimba ngokungakhethiyo inokuba yile ilandelayo

2.1. Iingxaki zeJacksonian

Olu hlobo lwengxaki ye-actuary ngenxa ye-hyperexcitation ye-motor cortex, ebangela ukuxhuzula okwenzeka kwindawo ezithile ezilandela umbutho we-somatotopic we-cortex esele ichaziwe.

2.2. Benign inxenye yokuxhuzula kobuntwana

Luhlobo lokubanjwa ngokungakhethiyo okwenzeka ebuntwaneni. Ngokuqhelekileyo zenzeka ngexesha lokulala, azivelisi lutshintsho lukhulu kuphuhliso lomxholo. Bahlala belahleka bebodwa kuphuhliso lonke, nangona kwezinye iimeko kunokukhokelela kwezinye iintlobo zokuxhuzula ezinzulu nezichaphazela umgangatho wobomi kwiindawo ezininzi.

Ingqwalaselo yokugqibela

Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo sele zikhankanyiwe, zikho nezinye iinkqubo zokuxhuzula ezifanayo nezo zokuxhuzula, njengoko kusenzeka kwiimeko zokungazibandakanyi kunye / okanye ukuphazamiseka komzimba, okanye ukuxhuzula ngexesha lomkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, nangona kuluhlu oluthile zidweliswe njengee-syndromes ezizodwa zokuxhuzula, kukho impikiswano, kwaye abanye ababhali abavumi ukuba bajongwa njengabo.